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<title>Neonaticide</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Neonaticide</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For practices of killing infants after 24 hours of a child's birth, but under the age of 12 months, see <a href="Infanticide" title="Infanticide">infanticide</a>. For the killing of older children by a parent, see <a href="Filicide" title="Filicide">filicide</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist law-sidebar"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="Homicide" title="Homicide">Homicide</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Murder" title="Murder">Murder</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<p><i>Note: Varies by <a href="Jurisdiction_(area)" title="Jurisdiction (area)">jurisdiction</a></i>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Assassination" title="Assassination">Assassination</a></li>

<li><a href="Attempted_murder" title="Attempted murder">Attempted murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Child_murder" title="Child murder">Child murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Consensual_homicide" title="Consensual homicide">Consensual homicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Contract_killing" title="Contract killing">Contract killing</a></li>

<li><a href="Crime_of_passion" title="Crime of passion">Crime of passion</a></li>

<li><a href="Depraved-heart_murder" title="Depraved-heart murder">Depraved-heart murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Felony_murder_rule" title="Felony murder rule">Felony murder rule</a></li>

<li><a href="Foeticide" title="Foeticide">Foeticide</a></li>

<li><a href="Honor_killing" title="Honor killing">Honor killing</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">Human cannibalism</a>

<ul><li><a href="Child_cannibalism" title="Child cannibalism">Child cannibalism</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">Human sacrifice</a>

<ul><li><a href="Child_sacrifice" title="Child sacrifice">Child sacrifice</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Internet_homicide" title="Internet homicide">Internet homicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Lonely_hearts_killer" title="Lonely hearts killer">Lonely hearts killer</a></li>

<li><a href="Lust_murder" title="Lust murder">Lust murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Lynching" title="Lynching">Lynching</a></li>

<li><a href="Mass_murder" title="Mass murder">Mass murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Mass_shooting" title="Mass shooting">Mass shooting</a></li>

<li><a href="Mass_stabbing" title="Mass stabbing">Mass stabbing</a></li>

<li><a href="Misdemeanor_murder" title="Misdemeanor murder">Misdemeanor murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Murder_for_body_parts" title="Murder for body parts">Murder for body parts</a></li>

<li><a href="Murder%E2%80%93suicide" title="Murder–suicide">Murder–suicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Poisoning" title="Poisoning">Poisoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Proxy_murder" title="Proxy murder">Proxy murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Pseudocommando" title="Pseudocommando">Pseudocommando</a></li>

<li><a href="Serial_killer" title="Serial killer">Serial killer</a>

<ul><li><a href="Angel_of_mercy_(criminology)" title="Angel of mercy (criminology)">Angel of mercy</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Spree_killer" title="Spree killer">Spree killer</a></li>

<li><a href="Thrill_killing" title="Thrill killing">Thrill killing</a></li>

<li><a href="Torture_murder" title="Torture murder">Torture murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Vehicle-ramming_attack" title="Vehicle-ramming attack">Vehicle-ramming attack</a></li>

<li><a href="Wrongful_execution" title="Wrongful execution">Wrongful execution</a>

<ul><li><a href="Judicial_murder" title="Judicial murder">Judicial murder</a></li></ul></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Manslaughter" title="Manslaughter">Manslaughter</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Manslaughter_in_English_law" title="Manslaughter in English law">In English law</a></li>

<li><a href="Voluntary_manslaughter" title="Voluntary manslaughter">Voluntary manslaughter</a></li>

<li><a href="Negligent_homicide" title="Negligent homicide">Negligent homicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Reckless_homicide" title="Reckless homicide">Reckless homicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Vehicular_homicide" title="Vehicular homicide">Vehicular homicide</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Non-criminal homicide</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<p><i>Note: Varies by <a href="Jurisdiction_(area)" title="Jurisdiction (area)">jurisdiction</a></i>

</p>

<li><a href="Assisted_suicide" title="Assisted suicide">Assisted suicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">Capital punishment</a></li>

<li><a href="Euthanasia" title="Euthanasia">Euthanasia</a></li>

<li><a href="Foeticide" title="Foeticide">Foeticide</a></li>

<li><a href="Justifiable_homicide" title="Justifiable homicide">Justifiable homicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Licence_to_kill_(concept)" title="Licence to kill (concept)">"License to kill"</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Family</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Avunculicide" title="Avunculicide">Avunculicide/Nepoticide</a></li>

<li><a href="Familicide" title="Familicide">Familicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Mariticide" title="Mariticide">Mariticide</a></li>

<li><a href="Uxoricide" title="Uxoricide">Uxoricide</a></li>

<li>Prolicide

<ul><li><a href="Filicide" title="Filicide">Filicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Infanticide" title="Infanticide">Infanticide</a></li>

</ul></li>

<li><a href="Siblicide" title="Siblicide">Siblicide</a>

<ul><li><a href="Fratricide" title="Fratricide">Fratricide</a></li>

<li><a href="Sororicide" title="Sororicide">Sororicide</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Parricide" title="Parricide">Parricide</a>

<ul><li><a href="Matricide" title="Matricide">Matricide</a></li>

<li><a href="Patricide" title="Patricide">Patricide</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Senicide" title="Senicide">Senicide</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Other</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Crucifixion" title="Crucifixion">Crucifixion</a></li>

<li><a href="Deicide" title="Deicide">Deicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Democide" title="Democide">Democide</a></li>

<li><a href="Friendly_fire" title="Friendly fire">Friendly fire</a></li>

<li><a href="Gendercide" title="Gendercide">Gendercide</a>

<ul><li><a href="Femicide" title="Femicide">Femicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Androcide" title="Androcide">Androcide</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_extinction" title="Human extinction">Omnicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Regicide" title="Regicide">Regicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Stoning" title="Stoning">Stoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Suspicious_death" title="Suspicious death">Suspicious death</a></li>

<li><a href="Tyrannicide" title="Tyrannicide">Tyrannicide</a></li>

<li><a href="War_crime" title="War crime">War crime</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

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<p><b>Neonaticide</b> is the deliberate act of a <a href="Parent" title="Parent">parent</a> <a href="Child_murder" title="Child murder">murdering their own child</a> during the first 24 hours of life.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid14749398_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid14749398-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a <a href="Noun" title="Noun">noun</a>, the word "neonaticide" may also refer to anyone who practices or who has practiced this.

</p><p>

Neonaticide is relatively rare in developed countries, but most of these murders remain secret: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">

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</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"...every year, hundreds of women commit neonaticide: they kill their newborns or let them die. Most neonaticides remain undiscovered, but every once in a while a janitor follows a trail of blood to a tiny body in a trash bin, or a woman faints and doctors find the remains of a <a href="Placenta" title="Placenta">placenta</a> inside her."</p></blockquote><div class="templatequotecite"><p style="display: inline; padding-left: 2.3em;">— <a href="Steven_Pinker" title="Steven Pinker">Steven Pinker</a>, <i><a href="The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, 1997<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></div>

<p>Neonaticide is considerably more commonly committed by mothers than fathers; infanticide is also more likely to be committed by mothers than fathers. A 1999 <a href="United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a> study concluded that between 1976 and 1997 in the United States, mothers were responsible for a higher share of children killed during infancy, while fathers were more likely to have been responsible for the murders of children age eight or older.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2></div>

<p>90% of neonaticidal mothers are 25 years of age or younger. Less than 20% are married. Less than 30% are seen as psychotic or depressed.<sup id="cite_ref-CrimeRep87_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CrimeRep87-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have typically <a href="Denial_of_pregnancy" title="Denial of pregnancy">denied</a> or concealed the pregnancy since conception.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid14749398_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid14749398-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>45% of all child murders occur in the first 24 hours of life, and thus can be classified as neonaticide.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the period 1982–1987, approximately 1.1% of all homicides have been of children under one year of age. 8–9% of all murders are of persons under 18 years of age. Of these, almost twice as many sons as compared to daughters are victims.<sup id="cite_ref-CrimeRep87_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CrimeRep87-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In half of the cases death occurs literally "at the hands of" the parent. Weapons are almost never used in neonaticide. Drowning, strangulation, head trauma, suffocation, and exposure to the elements are all common methods.<sup id="cite_ref-CrimeRep87_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CrimeRep87-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_law">Current law</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poland">Poland</h3></div>

<p>Article 149 of the <a href="Polish_Penal_Code#The_Penal_Code_of_1997" title="Polish Penal Code">Penal Code of Poland</a> stipulates that a mother who kills her child in labour, while under the influence of the course of the delivery,

is liable to imprisonment for between three months and five years.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romania">Romania</h3></div>

<p>The new <a href="Penal_Code_of_Romania#The_Penal_Code_of_2014" title="Penal Code of Romania">Penal Code of Romania</a>, which came into force in 2014, resolved the issues of the previous Code, under which the law was unclear.

Article 200 of the new Penal Code stipulates that the killing of a newborn during the first 24 hours, by the mother who is in a state of mental distress, shall be punished with imprisonment of one to five years.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russia">Russia</h3></div>

<p>Article 106 of the <a href="Criminal_Code_of_Russia" title="Criminal Code of Russia">Criminal Code of Russia</a> stipulates that the killing by a mother of her newborn child during or immediately after childbirth, or in a mentally traumatizing situation or in a state of mental disorder that does not reach insanity is punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of two to four years or by imprisonment for a term of up to five years.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3></div>

<p>In the U.S., the killing of a child after childbirth is illegal. Under the <a href="Born-Alive_Infants_Protection_Act" title="Born-Alive Infants Protection Act">Born-Alive Infants Protection Act</a> of 2002, a woman who gives childbirth after an attempted abortion is the mother of a born-alive infant if the infant is observed with any of the following signs of life: breathing, heartbeat, pulsation of the <a href="Umbilical_cord" title="Umbilical cord">umbilical cord</a>, or confirmed voluntary muscle movement, regardless of the <a href="Gestational_age_(obstetrics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gestational age (obstetrics)">gestational age</a> of the child. Although medical guidelines recommend withholding resuscitation for infants with practically no chance of surviving, and allow parental discretion if the chance of survival is marginal, any child that has a better-than-marginal chance of survival who is allowed to die would be considered the victim of infanticide or neonaticide.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>An early reference to <a href="Filicide" title="Filicide">filicide</a> (the killing of a child by a parent) is in <a href="Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>. In his play <a href="Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)"><i>Medea</i></a>, <a href="Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> portrayed <a href="Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> as having killed her two sons after Jason abandoned her for the daughter of the King of Corinth<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> giving us what has been termed the Medea Complex.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Roman Law, <i>patria potestas</i>, the right of a father to kill his own children was protected.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not until the 4th century that the Roman state, influenced by <a href="Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, began to regard filicide as a crime. Still, mothers who killed their infants or newborns received lesser sentences under both the laws of the church and the state.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The church consistently dealt more leniently with those mothers whose children died by <a href="Overlaying" title="Overlaying">overlaying</a>, an accidental death by smothering when a sleeping parent rolled over on the infant. The opinions of the church in these deaths may reflect an awareness of one of society's first attempts to understand the severe problem of overpopulation and overcrowding.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> England has traditionally viewed infanticide as a "special crime," passing its first Infanticide Act in 1623 under <a href="House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">the Stuarts</a> and more recently in the Infanticide Acts of 1922 and 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most recently England passed the Infanticide Act of 1978 which allows a lesser sentence for attempted infanticide.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike England and other European countries, the United States has not adopted special statutes to deal with infanticide or neonaticide. Nonetheless, juries and judges, as reflected in their verdicts and sentences, have consistently considered the difficulties and stresses of a mother during the post-partum period.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_times">Modern times</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3></div>

<p>In June 2016 it was reported that 27 babies were born in <a href="Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> hospitals in 2015, only to later die after not receiving care.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was also reported to be happening as early as 2007 in <a href="Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a>, where 52 babies were born alive after failed late-term abortions<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with accusations that some were "simply put on a shelf and left to die."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is generally accepted as fitting the definition of infanticide in Victoria<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other states.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_aspects">Cultural aspects</h2></div>

<p>The Chinese, as late as the 20th century, <a href="Female_infanticide_in_China" title="Female infanticide in China">killed newborn daughters</a> because they were unable to transmit the family name. Additionally, daughters were viewed as weaker and not as useful in time of war or for agricultural work. In the past, Inuit killed infants with known congenital anomalies and often one of a set of twins.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, Mohave Indians had killed all children of racially mixed ancestry at birth.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In their 1981 paper, Sakuta and Saito<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reviewed infanticide in <a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> and describe the two distinct types of infanticide commonly seen. The Mabiki type corresponds to the ancient means of "thinning out" or population control; the Anomie type, a product of modern society, corresponds to the "unwanted child."

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevention">Prevention</h2></div>

<p>A number of studies have evaluated risk factors in infant homicide with the aim of preventing it.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid14749398_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid14749398-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Anonymous delivery, a system where mothers can give birth in a hospital for free without showing ID, has been found to reduce the rate of police reported neonaticides in <a href="Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baby_hatch">Baby hatch</h3></div>

<p>In the <a href="Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> and in the 18th and 19th centuries, a "foundling wheel" system was used where mothers could <a href="Child_abandonment" title="Child abandonment">leave them</a> anonymously to be found and cared for. In modern times, <a href="Baby_hatch" title="Baby hatch">baby hatch</a> systems have been introduced in hospitals and other areas to allow mothers to leave children.<sup id="cite_ref-times_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCStory_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCStory-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The hatches are usually in hospitals, social centres, or churches, and consist of a door or flap in an outside wall which opens onto a soft bed, heated or at least insulated. Sensors in the bed alert carers when a baby has been put in it so that they can come and take care of the child. In Germany, babies are first looked after for eight weeks during which the mother can return and claim her child without any legal repercussions. If this does not happen, after eight weeks the child is put up for <a href="Adoption" title="Adoption">adoption</a>.

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Baby_hatch" title="Baby hatch">Baby hatch</a></li>

<li><a href="Child_euthanasia" title="Child euthanasia">Child euthanasia</a></li>

<li><a href="Infanticide" title="Infanticide">Infanticide</a></li>

<li><a href="Melissa_Drexler" title="Melissa Drexler">Melissa Drexler</a></li>

<li><a href="Psychiatric_disorders_of_childbirth" title="Psychiatric disorders of childbirth">Psychiatric disorders of childbirth</a></li>

<li><a href="Safe-haven_law" title="Safe-haven law">Safe-haven law</a></li>

<li><a href="Unintended_pregnancy" title="Unintended pregnancy">Unintended pregnancy</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-CrimeRep87-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CrimeRep87_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CrimeRep87_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CrimeRep87_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Uniform Crime Reports (1982-1987). U.S. Government Printing Office</span>

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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hamilton, E.: Mythology. New York, Mentor Book, 1942</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wittels, F.: Psychoanalysis and literature, in Lorand, S. (ed): Psychoanalysis Today, Albanay, N.Y., Boyd Printing Co., 1944.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Black's Law Dictionary, Fifth Edition: St. Paul, Minnesota, West Publishing Company</span>

</li>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVictoroff1955" class="citation journal cs1">Victoroff, VM (1955). "A case of infanticide related to psychomotor automatism; psychodynamic, physiological, forensic, and sociological considerations". <i>Journal of Clinical and Experimental Psychopathology</i>. <b>16</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">191–</span>220. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13263425">13263425</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLanger1974" class="citation journal cs1">Langer, W. L. (1974). "Infanticide: A historical survey". <i>History of Childhood Quarterly</i>. <b>1</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">353–</span>66. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11614564">11614564</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hale, M.: The History of the Pleas of the Crown. London, E.R. Nutt and R. Gosling, 1736.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Infanticide Act of 1938, 1 and 2 Geo. 6, c36, sec. 1 (1)</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jeudwine, J.: Observations on English Criminal Law and Procedure. London, D.S. King, 1968</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWilkins1985" class="citation journal cs1">Wilkins, A. J. (1985). "Attempted infanticide". <i>The British Journal of Psychiatry</i>. <b>146</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">206–</span>208. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1192%2Fbjp.146.2.206">10.1192/bjp.146.2.206</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3978337">3978337</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:650581">650581</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.courtpsychiatrist.com">"Dr. Neil S. Kaye MD, PA Forensic Psychiatrist Expert Witness in Forensics Psychiatry"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-15/babies-of-late-terminations-left-to-die-without-care/7512618">"Rise in Queensland babies surviving late-term abortions, figures show"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. 2016-06-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080807121112/http://www.health.vic.gov.au/perinatal/downloads/ccopmm_annrep06.pdf">"THE CONSULTATIVE COUNCIL ON OBSTETRIC AND PAEDIATRIC MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR 2006"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Health.vic.gov.au</i>. <a href="Department_of_Health_%26_Human_Services_(Victoria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Health & Human Services (Victoria)">Department of Health & Human Services (Victoria)</a>. July 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.health.vic.gov.au/perinatal/downloads/ccopmm_annrep06.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on August 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFZwartz2010" class="citation web cs1">Zwartz, Barney (2010-10-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/aborted-babies-being-left-to-die-20101006-167u0.html">"Aborted babies 'being left to die'"</a>. <i>The Age</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-12</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lawreform.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/VLRC_Abortion_Report.pdf"><i>Law of Abortion - Final Report</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Victorian Law Reform Commission. 2008. pp. Chapter 7, Section 55. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780975846605</bdi>. <q>Victorian Law Reform Commission</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGarber1947" class="citation journal cs1">Garber, CM (1947). "Eskimo infanticide". <i>The Scientific Monthly</i>. <b>64</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">98–</span>102. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1947SciMo..64...98G">1947SciMo..64...98G</a>. <a href="JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/19306">19306</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20285669">20285669</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDevereux1948" class="citation journal cs1">Devereux, G (1948). "Mohave Indian infanticide". <i>Psychoanalytic Review</i>. <b>35</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">126–</span>39. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18891181">18891181</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSakutaSaito1981" class="citation journal cs1">Sakuta, Tsutomu; Saito, Satoru (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2302%2Fkjm.30.155">"A socio-medical study on 71 cases of infanticide in Japan"</a>. <i>The Keio Journal of Medicine</i>. <b>30</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">155–</span>168. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2302%2Fkjm.30.155">10.2302/kjm.30.155</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7347770">7347770</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKlierGrylliAmonFiala2013" class="citation journal cs1">Klier, CM; Grylli, C.; Amon, S.; Fiala, C.; Weizmann-Henelius, G.; Pruitt, SL; Putkonen, H. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621136">"Is the introduction of anonymous delivery associated with a reduction of high neonaticide rates in Austria? A retrospective study"</a>. <i>BJOG</i>. <b>120</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">428–</span>434. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1471-0528.12099">10.1111/1471-0528.12099</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621136">3621136</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23210536">23210536</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-times-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-times_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHibbert2006" class="citation news cs1">Hibbert, Katharine (2006-05-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202015204/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/article717379.ece">"The Child Catchers"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/article717379.ece">the original</a> on 2008-12-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-06-30</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-BBCStory-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBCStory_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18585020">The 'baby box' returns to Europe</a>, BBC News, 26 June 2012</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://courtpsychiatrist.com/pdf/Families%20Muder%20and%20Insanity.pdf">Families, Murder and Insanity, Dr. Neil S. Kaye</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11951091">BBC News - France 'underestimates true scale of neonaticide'</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nidaa.nl">Netherlands Institute for the Documentation of Anonymous Abandonment (NIDAA) about foundlings, baby death, sismotherhood and illegal admission</a></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Death315" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Death315" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Death" title="Death">Death</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In medicine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cell_death14" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cell_death" title="Cell death">Cell death</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Necrosis" title="Necrosis">Necrosis</a>

<ul><li><a href="Avascular_necrosis" title="Avascular necrosis">Avascular necrosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Coagulative_necrosis" title="Coagulative necrosis">Coagulative necrosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Liquefactive_necrosis" title="Liquefactive necrosis">Liquefactive necrosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Gangrene" title="Gangrene">Gangrenous necrosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Caseous_necrosis" title="Caseous necrosis">Caseous necrosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Fat_necrosis" title="Fat necrosis">Fat necrosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Fibrinoid_necrosis" title="Fibrinoid necrosis">Fibrinoid necrosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Temporal_lobe_necrosis" title="Temporal lobe necrosis">Temporal lobe necrosis</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Programmed_cell_death" title="Programmed cell death">Programmed cell death</a>

<li><a href="Anoikis" title="Anoikis">Anoikis</a></li>

<li><a href="Apoptosis" title="Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Autophagy" title="Autophagy">Autophagy</a></li>

<li><a href="Intrinsic_apoptosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Intrinsic apoptosis">Intrinsic apoptosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Necroptosis" title="Necroptosis">Necroptosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Paraptosis" title="Paraptosis">Paraptosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Parthanatos" title="Parthanatos">Parthanatos</a></li>

<li><a href="Phenoptosis" title="Phenoptosis">Phenoptosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Pseudoapoptosis" title="Pseudoapoptosis">Pseudoapoptosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Pyroptosis" title="Pyroptosis">Pyroptosis</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Autolysis_(biology)" title="Autolysis (biology)">Autolysis</a></li>

<li><a href="Autoschizis" title="Autoschizis">Autoschizis</a></li>

<li><a href="Eschar" title="Eschar">Eschar</a></li>

<li><a href="Immunogenic_cell_death" title="Immunogenic cell death">Immunogenic cell death</a></li>

<li><a href="Ischemic_cell_death" title="Ischemic cell death">Ischemic cell death</a></li>

<li><a href="Pyknosis" title="Pyknosis">Pyknosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Karyorrhexis" title="Karyorrhexis">Karyorrhexis</a></li>

<li><a href="Karyolysis" title="Karyolysis">Karyolysis</a></li>

<li><a href="Mitotic_catastrophe" title="Mitotic catastrophe">Mitotic catastrophe</a></li>

<li><a href="Suicide_gene" title="Suicide gene">Suicide gene</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abortion" title="Abortion">Abortion</a></li>

<li><a href="Accidental_death" title="Accidental death">Accidental death</a></li>

<li><a href="Autopsy" title="Autopsy">Autopsy</a></li>

<li><a href="Brain_death" title="Brain death">Brain death</a>

<ul><li><a href="Brainstem_death" title="Brainstem death">Brainstem death</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Clinical_death" title="Clinical death">Clinical death</a>

<li><a href="Manner_of_death" title="Manner of death">Death by natural causes</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_rattle" title="Death rattle">Death rattle</a></li>

<li><a href="Dysthanasia" title="Dysthanasia">Dysthanasia</a></li>

<li><a href="Euthanasia" title="Euthanasia">Euthanasia</a></li>

<li><a href="Lazarus_sign" title="Lazarus sign">Lazarus sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Lazarus_syndrome" title="Lazarus syndrome">Lazarus syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Legal_death#Medical_declaration" title="Legal death">Medical declaration of death</a></li>

<li><a href="Organ_donation" title="Organ donation">Organ donation</a></li>

<li><a href="Terminal_illness" title="Terminal illness">Terminal illness</a></li>

<li><a href="Manner_of_death" title="Manner of death">Unnatural death</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_causes_of_death_by_rate" title="List of causes of death by rate">Causes of death by rate</a></li>

<li><a href="Lists_of_deaths_by_year" title="Lists of deaths by year">Notable deaths by year</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_expressions_related_to_death" class="mw-redirect" title="List of expressions related to death">Expressions related to death</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_natural_disasters_by_death_toll" title="List of natural disasters by death toll">Natural disasters</a></li>

<li><a href="Lists_of_people_by_cause_of_death" title="Lists of people by cause of death">People by cause of death</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_premature_obituaries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of premature obituaries">Premature obituaries</a></li>

<li><a href="Preventable_causes_of_death" title="Preventable causes of death">Preventable causes of death</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_unusual_deaths" class="mw-redirect" title="List of unusual deaths">Unusual deaths</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_ways_people_dishonor_the_dead" title="List of ways people dishonor the dead">List of ways people dishonor the dead</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_ways_people_honor_the_dead" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ways people honor the dead">List of ways people honor the dead</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mortality</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Birthday_effect" title="Birthday effect">Birthday effect</a></li>

<li><a href="Child_mortality" title="Child mortality">Child mortality</a></li>

<li><a href="Excess_mortality" title="Excess mortality">Excess mortality</a></li>

<li><a href="Gompertz%E2%80%93Makeham_law_of_mortality" title="Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality">Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality</a></li>

<li><a href="Infant_mortality" title="Infant mortality">Infant mortality</a></li>

<li><a href="Karoshi" title="Karoshi">Karoshi</a></li>

<li><a href="Maternal_death" title="Maternal death">Maternal death</a></li>

<li><a href="Maternal_mortality_in_fiction" title="Maternal mortality in fiction">Maternal mortality in fiction</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Memento_mori" title="Memento mori">Memento mori</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Micromort" title="Micromort">Micromort</a></li>

<li><a href="Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">Mortality rate</a>

<li><a href="Mortality_salience" title="Mortality salience">Mortality salience</a></li>

<li><a href="Perinatal_mortality" title="Perinatal mortality">Perinatal mortality</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After death</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="Cadaver" title="Cadaver">Body</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Pallor_mortis" title="Pallor mortis">Pallor mortis</a></li>

<li><a href="Livor_mortis" title="Livor mortis">Livor mortis</a></li>

<li><a href="Algor_mortis" title="Algor mortis">Algor mortis</a></li>

<li><a href="Rigor_mortis" title="Rigor mortis">Rigor mortis</a></li>

<li><a href="Putrefaction" title="Putrefaction">Putrefaction</a></li>

<li><a href="Decomposition" title="Decomposition">Decomposition</a></li>

<li><a href="Skeletonization" title="Skeletonization">Skeletonization</a></li>

<li><a href="Fossil" title="Fossil">Fossilization</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Preservation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cryopreservation" title="Cryopreservation">Cryopreservation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cryonics" title="Cryonics">Cryonics</a></li>

<li><a href="Neuropreservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Neuropreservation">Neuropreservation</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Embalming" title="Embalming">Embalming</a></li>

<li><a href="Maceration_(bone)" title="Maceration (bone)">Maceration</a></li>

<li><a href="Mummy" title="Mummy">Mummification</a></li>

<li><a href="Plastination" title="Plastination">Plastination</a></li>

<li><a href="Prosection" title="Prosection">Prosection</a></li>

<li><a href="Taxidermy" title="Taxidermy">Taxidermy</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Disposal_of_human_corpses" title="Disposal of human corpses">Disposal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Burial" title="Burial">Burial</a>

<ul><li><a href="Natural_burial" title="Natural burial">Natural burial</a></li>

<li><a href="Sky_burial" title="Sky burial">Sky burial</a></li>

<li><a href="Burial_at_sea" title="Burial at sea">Ocean burial</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Cremation" title="Cremation">Cremation</a></li>

<li><a href="Dismemberment" title="Dismemberment">Dismemberment</a></li>

<li><a href="Excarnation" title="Excarnation">Excarnation</a></li>

<li><a href="Promession" title="Promession">Promession</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_cremation" title="Water cremation">Resomation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Beating_heart_cadaver" title="Beating heart cadaver">Beating heart cadaver</a></li>

<li><a href="Body_donation" title="Body donation">Body donation</a></li>

<li><a href="Cadaveric_spasm" title="Cadaveric spasm">Cadaveric spasm</a></li>

<li><a href="Coffin_birth" title="Coffin birth">Coffin birth</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_erection" title="Death erection">Death erection</a></li>

<li><a href="Dissection" title="Dissection">Dissection</a></li>

<li><a href="Gibbeting" title="Gibbeting">Gibbeting</a></li>

<li><a href="Postmortem_caloricity" title="Postmortem caloricity">Postmortem caloricity</a></li>

<li><a href="Post-mortem_interval" title="Post-mortem interval">Post-mortem interval</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><b>Other aspects</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Carrion" title="Carrion">Carrion</a></li>

<li><a href="Cemetery" title="Cemetery">Cemetery</a></li>

<li><a href="Consciousness_after_death" class="mw-redirect" title="Consciousness after death">Consciousness after death</a>

<ul><li><a href="Afterlife" title="Afterlife">Afterlife</a></li>

<li><a href="Tukdam" title="Tukdam">Tukdam</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Customs</li>

<li><a href="Crematorium" title="Crematorium">Crematorium</a></li>

<li><a href="Desecration_of_graves" class="mw-redirect" title="Desecration of graves">Desecration of graves</a></li>

<li><a href="Eternal_oblivion" title="Eternal oblivion">Eternal oblivion</a></li>

<li><a href="Medical_examiner" title="Medical examiner">Examination</a></li>

<li><a href="Funeral" title="Funeral">Funeral</a></li>

<li><a href="Grief" title="Grief">Grief</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_and_the_Internet" title="Death and the Internet">Internet</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_midwife" title="Death midwife">Midwife</a></li>

<li><a href="Mourning" title="Mourning">Mourning</a>

<ul><li><a href="Online_mourning" title="Online mourning">Online mourning</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Obituary" title="Obituary">Obituary</a></li>

<li><a href="Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">Reincarnation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Palingenesis" title="Palingenesis">Palingenesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Resurrection" title="Resurrection">Resurrection</a></li>

<li><a href="Underworld" title="Underworld">Underworld</a></li>

<li><a href="Viewing_(funeral)" title="Viewing (funeral)">Viewing</a></li>

<li><a href="Vigil" title="Vigil">Vigil</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paranormal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ghost" title="Ghost">Ghosts</a></li>

<li><a href="Near-death_experience" title="Near-death experience">Near-death experience</a></li>

<li><a href="Near-death_studies" title="Near-death studies">Near-death studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Necromancy" title="Necromancy">Necromancy</a></li>

<li><a href="Out-of-body_experience" title="Out-of-body experience">Out-of-body experience</a></li>

<li>Reincarnation research</li>

<li><a href="S%C3%A9ance" title="Séance">Séance</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abortion_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion law">Abortion law</a></li>

<li><a href="Administration_(probate_law)" title="Administration (probate law)">Administration</a></li>

<li><a href="Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">Capital punishment</a></li>

<li><a href="Cause_of_death" title="Cause of death">Cause of death</a></li>

<li><a href="Civil_death" title="Civil death">Civil death</a></li>

<li><a href="Coroner" title="Coroner">Coroner</a></li>

<li><a href="Death-qualified_jury" title="Death-qualified jury">Death-qualified jury</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_certificate" title="Death certificate">Death certificate</a></li>

<li><a href="Presumption_of_death" title="Presumption of death">Declared death <i>in absentia</i></a></li>

<li><a href="Death_row" title="Death row">Death row</a></li>

<li><a href="Dying_declaration" title="Dying declaration">Dying declaration</a></li>

<li><a href="Inquest" title="Inquest">Inquest</a></li>

<li><a href="Legal_death" title="Legal death">Legal death</a></li>

<li><a href="Murder" title="Murder">Murder</a></li>

<li><a href="Necropolitics" title="Necropolitics">Necropolitics</a></li>

<li><a href="Prohibition_of_dying" title="Prohibition of dying">Prohibition of dying</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_die" title="Right to die">Right to die</a></li>

<li><a href="Suspicious_death" title="Suspicious death">Suspicious death</a></li>

<li><a href="Trust_(law)" title="Trust (law)">Trust law</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Death tech</li>

<li><a href="Forensic_pathology" title="Forensic pathology">Forensic pathology</a></li>

<li><a href="Funeral_director" title="Funeral director">Funeral director</a></li>

<li><a href="Mortuary_science" title="Mortuary science">Mortuary science</a></li>

<li><a href="Cell_death" title="Cell death">Necrobiology</a></li>

<li><a href="Post-mortem_chemistry" title="Post-mortem chemistry">Post-mortem chemistry</a></li>

<li><a href="Post-mortem_photography" title="Post-mortem photography">Post-mortem photography</a></li>

<li><a href="Taphonomy" title="Taphonomy">Taphonomy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Biostratinomy" title="Biostratinomy">Biostratinomy</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Thanatology" title="Thanatology">Thanatology</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apparent_death" title="Apparent death">Apparent death</a></li>

<li><a href="Chinese_burial_money" title="Chinese burial money">Chinese burial money</a></li>

<li><a href="Coins_for_the_dead" title="Coins for the dead">Coins for the dead</a></li>

<li><a href="Dark_tourism" title="Dark tourism">Dark tourism</a></li>

<li><a href="Darwin_Awards" title="Darwin Awards">Darwin Awards</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_and_culture" title="Death and culture">Death and culture</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_anniversary" title="Death anniversary">Death anniversary</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_anxiety" title="Death anxiety">Death anxiety</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_death_deities" title="List of death deities">Death deity</a>

<ul><li><a href="Personifications_of_death" title="Personifications of death">Personification of death</a></li>

<li><a href="Dying-and-rising_deity" class="mw-redirect" title="Dying-and-rising deity">Dying-and-rising god</a></li>

<li><a href="Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomp</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Extermination_camp" title="Extermination camp">Death camp</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_drive" title="Death drive">Death drive</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_education" title="Death education">Death education</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_from_laughter" title="Death from laughter">Death from laughter</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_hoax" title="Death hoax">Death hoax</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_knell" title="Death knell">Death knell</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_march" title="Death march">Death march</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_messenger" title="Death messenger">Death messenger</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_notification" title="Death notification">Death notification</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_panel" title="Death panel">Death panel</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_poem" title="Death poem">Death poem</a></li>

<li><a href="Opisthotonic_death_pose" title="Opisthotonic death pose">Death pose</a></li>

<li><a href="Death-positive_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Death-positive movement">Death-positive movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_squad" title="Death squad">Death squad</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_threat" title="Death threat">Death threat</a></li>

<li><a href="Death_trajectory" title="Death trajectory">Death trajectory</a></li>

<li><a href="Dignified_death" title="Dignified death">Dignified death</a></li>

<li><a href="Extinction" title="Extinction">Extinction</a></li>

<li><a href="Festival_of_the_Dead" title="Festival of the Dead">Festival of the Dead</a></li>

<li><a href="Fascination_with_death" title="Fascination with death">Fascination with death</a></li>

<li><a href="Hierarchy_of_death" title="Hierarchy of death">Hierarchy of death</a></li>

<li><a href="Homicide" title="Homicide">Homicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Immortality" title="Immortality">Immortality</a></li>

<li><a href="Last_rites" title="Last rites">Last rites</a></li>

<li><a href="Longevity" title="Longevity">Longevity</a></li>

<li><a href="Martyr" title="Martyr">Martyr</a></li>

<li><a href="Museum_of_Death" title="Museum of Death">Museum of Death</a></li>

<li><a href="Necronym" title="Necronym">Necronym</a></li>

<li><a href="Necrophilia" title="Necrophilia">Necrophilia</a></li>

<li><a href="Necrophobia" title="Necrophobia">Necrophobia</a></li>

<li><a href="Philosophy_of_death" title="Philosophy of death">Philosophy of death</a></li>

<li><a href="Predation" title="Predation">Predation</a></li>

<li><a href="Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a>

<ul><li><a href="Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">human</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Suicide" title="Suicide">Suicide</a>

<ul><li><a href="Assisted_suicide" title="Assisted suicide">Assisted suicide</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Thanabot</li>

<li><a href="Thanatosensitivity" title="Thanatosensitivity">Thanatosensitivity</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"></span></span> <a href="Outline_of_death" title="Outline of death">Outline</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-04-24" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Neonaticide&oldid=1287111252">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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